Torque wrench



E. H. SHAFF l TORQUE WRENCH Oct. 21, 1952 Filed May 14, 1947 Rf nmQ mm 0mm A \7\ WJ m .mv Nw n@ @M ,t W w Patented Oct. 21, 1952 Si l Pvt-'rENT oFKFIcE ings L ferY the "spinal-e.'` The. -spin'digz is? lfis'ff trated. as havingF sauarfeends 8. for, eng-agement With'scket headlbolt'sor' adapter). socketafor,

v of the" Body? inemberi tioned around the outer end of the shank 3. The inner end of the reduced portion 33 is provided with axially extending teeth 3l which are engageable with the rack teeth 32 formed on the end of a plate 33 secured to thel top of the body member I as by the screws 34. A slip ring 35 having a spring engagement around the grip and adjacent to the end of the indicating member 2S is provided with indicia figures and marks as indicated at 35. The slip ring 35 is provided with a finger piece 3l by means of which the ring may be turned to any position relative to a datum point 33 on the indicating member 29.

The air motor I5 is of standard construction and is therefore not described in detail. The grip Which houses the rotating parts of the motor is provided With a valve 39 for admitting" com.

pressed air to the motor and a connection 40 for attaching an air line to the wrench. While an air motor is illustrated, an electric motor could obviously be substituted therefor.

The body member I is provided with a radially extending boss 4I (see Figs. 2 and 3) which denes a radial bore for receiving a pawl 42 having teeth on its inner end engageable with the ratchet teeth I5 on the gear I3. The pawl 42 is provided with a iinger piece 43 extending through a slot in the boss and by means of which the pawl may be moved outwardly of the boss out of engagement with the ratchet teeth I5. The pawl is constantly urged inwardly toward engagement with the ratchet teeth by a coil spring 44, the outer end of which bears against an angle-shaped clip 45 secured to the edge of the body member.

On the opposite side of the drive shaft I1 from the pivot pin 2l the body member defines a cylindrical recess 46 parallel to the drive shaft II and opening to the outer end of the body member. A guide pin 41 is positioned in the center of the recess anda series of concavo-convex disk spring members 4B are positioned around the guide pin and within the recess. Flat disk members 49 are interposed between the opposed outer edges of the spring disks. A circular compression button 50 is positioned at the outerend of the recess 46 to bear against the spring disks and is provided with a rounded projection or pressure pin 5I on its outer end engageable with a depression in the inner face of the head 4. A stop pin 52 extends between the spaced plates I9 of the body member and is engageable with the outer surface of the head to limit the motion of the head and handle about the pivot 2I under the influence of the spring disks 4S. Attention is called to the fact that the pivot pin 2l and pressure pin 5I are aligned approximately with the faces of the overload clutch I8, 24.

In operating the wrench the spindle 2 may be engaged With a nut or bolt to be tightened and the valve 39 depressed to actuate the air motor. The air motor will rotate the coupling shaft and drive shaft through the overload clutch to rotate the gear I3 and spindle until the bolt or nut is drawn up snugly and the overload clutch 24 disengages automatically. During the operation of the air motor, the finger piece 43 may be held out to disengage the pawl 42 from the ratchet teeth l5 or the pawl may be left in to slide over the ratchet teeth. After the bolt or nut has been drawn up as tight as the overload clutch Will permit, the slip ring 35 may be rotated to bring its zero indicia opposite the datum point 38 on the indicating member 29 and torque applied to the wrench by pulling on the grip 5. The handle 3 Will then tend to pivot around the pin 2I, this motion being opposed by the spring disks 48. The torque thus applied to the body member I will further tighten the bolt or nut. As the handle pivots relative to the body member, the plate 33 being xed relative to the body member will operate to rotate the indicating member 29 by reason of engagement of the teeth 32 with the teeth 3| as indicated in Fig. 4 and the indicating member 29 will rotate so that the datum of tightness is to move the slip ring 36 until the v desired indicia number is opposite the datum point 38 when the wrench is in unstressed position. The `wrench may then be successively applied to a series ofrbolts or nuts and when the manual pressure is appliedftojthe handle, the operator needs only to Watch the datum point 38 and when it coincides with thezero point on the indicia scale he can release-the pressure on the handle. In this manner there is less chance for the operator confusing adjacent indicia marks von the slip ring and need notwatch the scaleso closely.

I have thus described a highly commercial embodiment of my wrenchso"that others may reproduce the same with such minor modifications as are desired Without further description. d

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as Anew and desire to secure A Patent, is:

1. In a combined torque and speed wrench, a chambered body member providedfwith a longitudinal bearing, a double ended spindle journaled transversely in said body member, a beveled gear provided with a ratchet disposed Within thebody member and fixed to said spindle, a manually're-'f tractable spring pressed pawl vcoacting with said ratchet to lock the spindle against rotation in one direction, a driven shaft disposed inv said bearing and provided with a pinion coacting with said gear on said spindle, a. handle comprising a shank pivotally mounted on said body at one end thereof and a motor housing constituting a handle grip, said shank having a. longitudinal bore generally aligned with said driven shaft, a motor in said housing including a driving shaft extending into said longitudinal bore ofA saidrh'andle shank,

an intermediate coupling shaft positionedinsaid longitudinal bore of said handle shank and having a longitudinally slidable driving engagement with said driving shaft, said intermediate `and said driven shafts having coactingjjaw clutch members provided withV teeth'v conformed to permit slipping under overload, 2. thrust vspring actingon said coupling shaft to yieldingly urge the said clutch members into driving engagement, a biasing spring between said body'member andhandle n acting to urge them apart, means for limiting the outward swinging movement of the handle on its pivot, an indicating member rotatably mounted on said handle and provided with a datum pointer and having axiallyk extending teeth on its linner end, a relatively fixed rack member carriedby said by Letters driving said driven shaft the same being disposed longitudinally ofthe handle member and'having anangularly variable driving connection. with said driven shaft, and a pawl forlocking said work engaging member tosaid'body.

8.- A combined torque and speed fwrench comprising a vbodymember having a work engaging spindlev ,rotatably mounted therein, a handle member pivotally secured to said body member and eccentrically with respect to the axis of the handle, a spring member carried by Ione of said members Vopposing rotation of said handle relative to said body member, an indicating member rotatably mounted on said handle, a xed member secured to said body member and arranged movement between said body member and handle, a driven shaft for driving said spindle carried by said body, a motor carried on said handle, a` driving shaft extending from said motor along the axis of said handle, an angularly variable connection between said shafts for rotating said driven shaft and spindle, a pawl carried by said body member for locking saidspindle against rotation in one directionrelative to said body member, and a manually adjustable indicating member on said handle adjacent said first indicating member, said indicating members having cooperative Vtorque measuring indicia thereon. l

9. A wrench of the classdescribedcomprising pivotally connectedl body and handle members, yieldablemeans for maintaining said body and handle in no-rmal relative positions, the free end of said handle being angularly displaceable relative to said body against the Vaction of saidyieldable `means upon application of i a torque force to said body by way of said handle, a xed member carried by said body member, a rotatable indicating member carried by said handle member and engageable with said xed member for rotation thereby upon displacement A of said handle member, a transversely disposed work engaging member carried by said body member, a driven shaft for driving said work engaging member carried by said body memberfa motor carried by said handle, a driveshaft interconnected between said motor and said driven shaft for driving said driven shaft from said motor the same being disposed longitudinally `of said handle member and having an angularly Variable driving connection to said driven shaft, and a pawl for locking said work engaging member to said.

naled in said body transversely of said bearing',

a driven shaft disposed in said bearing and having a driving connection to said spindle, a handle pivotally secured to said body and having a longitudinal borey generally aligned with said driven shaft, yieldable means for maintaining said body and handle in normal relative positions, a motor housing on said handle and having a motor therein, said motor housing and the outerend of said handle being angularlydisplaceable relae tive to -saidbody and spindle against the action of said yieldable means upon application of a torque force to said body by Way of said handle, a driving shaft positioned in said bore and connected between said motor and said driven shaft, an overload jaw clutchv interposed between said driving and driven shafts and forming an angularly variable driving connection there between,

yl to rotate said indicating member. upon relative a rack ,member secured to said body and extending to adjacent said housing, an indicating member rotatably mounted on said housing and hav-` tudinal bore `generally aligned with said driven shaft, yeldable means for maintaining said body and said handle in normal relative positions, a motor housing on said handle and having a motor therein, said motor housing and the outer Aen d of said handle being angularly displaceable relative to said body and spindle against the action of said yielda'ble means upon application of a torque force to saidA body by way of said handle, a driving shaft positioned in said bore :and connected between said motor and said driven shaft, said driving shaft and driven shaft having an angularly Variable driving connection, a rack member secured to said body and extending to adjacent said housing, an indicating member rotatably mounted on the outer end of said handle and having teeth engageable with said rack member, and a spring pressed manually disengageable lock member carried by said body for locking said spindle to said body.

12. In a combined torque and speed wrench, a chambered body member provided with a longitudinal bearing, a spindle journaled in said body transversely of said bearing, a driven shaft disposed in said bearing and having a driving connection to said spindle, a handle having a yieldable connection to said body and having a longitudinal recess generally aligned with said driven shaft, a motor housing on said lhandle and having a motor therein, said motor housing and the outer end of said handle being angularly displaceable relative to said body and spindle upon application of a torque force to said body by way of said handle, a driving shaft positioned in said recess and connected between said motor and said driven shaft, said shafts having an angularly variable driving connection to accommodate angular displacement between said body and handle, a lock member carried by said body for locking said spindle to said body, and means responsive to the angular displacement between said body and handle for indicating the amount of torque force applied, said means including relatively movable elements respectively carried by said body and said handle.

ERNEST H. SHAFF.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATE-S PATENTS Number 

